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Applying the Mantel-Haenszel Method to Exploratory Differential Item Functioning Assessment

in Continuous Response Items

Jyun-Hong Chen, Hsiu-Yi Chao, Ching-Lin Shih

       Differential item functioning (DIF) assessment is critical for ensuring test validity and fairness. Many DIF assessment methods have been proposed in the past several decades, including the Mantel-Haenszel (MH) method. Such methods are applied to DIF assessment for discrete response items; however, no research has been done for continuous response items. Considering the popularity of the MH method in practical applications, its continuous counterpart (called the MHC method) proposed by Rayner and Best (2012) is applied to assess DIF for continuous response items in this study. The scale purification (SP) is further incorporated to improve the performance of the MHC method in DIF assessment. According to the simulation results, the MHC method with the SP procedure can yield high power rates while controlling type I error rates well in DIF assessment. Since the MHC method can be easily implemented with the SP procedure, it is recommended for test practitioners to conduct DIF assessments to improve the test quality for continuous response items.
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